Installing Percona Server for MySQL 5.7 on Debian and Ubuntu

Note

The following instructions install Percona Server for MySQL 5.7. The instructions to install Percona Server for MySQL 8.0 are available at this location.

Ready-to-use packages are available from the Percona Server for MySQL software repositories and the download page.

Specific information on the supported platforms, products, and versions is described in Percona Software and Platform Lifecycle.

We gather Telemetry data in the Percona packages and Docker images.

What’s in each DEB package?

The percona-server-server-5.7 package contains the database server itself, the mysqld binary and associated files.

The percona-server-common-5.7 package contains files common to the server and client.

The percona-server-client-5.7 package contains the command line client.

The percona-server-5.7-dbg package contains debug symbols for the server.

The percona-server-test-5.7 package contains the database test suite.

The percona-server-source-5.7 package contains the server source.

The libperconaserverclient20-dev package contains header files needed to compile software to use the client library.

The libperconaserverclient20 package contains the client shared library. The 18.1 is a reference to the version of the shared library. The version is incremented when there is a ABI change that requires software using the client library to be recompiled or its source code modified.

Installing Percona Server for MySQL from Percona apt repository

1. Update package repositories:

   $ sudo apt update
   

2. Install GnuPG, the GNU Privacy Guard:

   $ sudo apt install gnupg2
   

3. Fetch the repository packages from Percona web:

   $ wget https://repo.percona.com/apt/percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb
   

4. Install the downloaded package with dpkg. To do that, run the following commands as root or with sudo:

   $ sudo dpkg -i percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb
   

   Once you install this package, the Percona repositories should be added. You can check the repository setup in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/percona-original-release.list file.

5. Remember to update the local cache:

   $ sudo apt update
   

   Once you install this package the Percona repositories should be added. You can check the repository setup in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/percona-release.list file.

6. Set up a specific Percona Server version:

$ sudo percona-release enable-only ps57

1. After that you can install the server package:

   $ sudo apt install percona-server-server-5.7
   

   Note

   Percona Server for MySQL 5.7 comes with the TokuDB storage engine and MyRocks storage engine. These storage engines are installed as plugin.

For information on how to install and configure TokuDB, refer to the TokuDB Installation guide.

For information on how to install and configure MyRocks, refer to the Percona MyRocks Installation Guide guide.

The Percona Server for MySQL distribution contains several useful User Defined Functions (UDF) from Percona Toolkit. After the installation completes, run the following commands to create these functions:

$ mysql -e "CREATE FUNCTION fnv1a_64 RETURNS INTEGER SONAME 'libfnv1a_udf.so'"
$ mysql -e "CREATE FUNCTION fnv_64 RETURNS INTEGER SONAME 'libfnv_udf.so'"
$ mysql -e "CREATE FUNCTION murmur_hash RETURNS INTEGER SONAME 'libmurmur_udf.so'"

For more details on the UDFs, see Percona Toolkit UDFS.

Percona apt Testing repository

Percona offers pre-release builds from the testing repository. To enable it, run percona-release with the testing argument. Run this command as root or by using the sudo command.

$ sudo percona-release enable original testing

Apt-Pinning the packages

In some cases, you might need to pin the selected packages to avoid upgrades from the distribution repositories. Create a new file /etc/apt/preferences.d/00percona.pref and add the following lines:

Package: *
Pin: release o=Percona Development Team
Pin-Priority: 1001

Installing Percona Server for MySQL using downloaded deb packages

Download the packages of the desired series for your architecture from the download page. The easiest way is to download bundle which contains all the packages. Following example will download Percona Server for MySQL Percona Server for MySQL 5.7.10-3 release packages for Debian 8.0:

$ wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-Server-5.7/Percona-Server-5.7.10-3/binary/debian/jessie/x86_64/Percona-Server-5.7.10-3-r63dafaf-jessie-x86_64-bundle.tar

You should then unpack the bundle to get the packages:

$ tar xvf Percona-Server-5.7.10-3-r63dafaf-jessie-x86_64-bundle.tar

After you unpack the bundle you should see the following packages:

$ ls *.deb

The output could be this:

libperconaserverclient20-dev_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb
libperconaserverclient20_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb
percona-server-5.7-dbg_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb
percona-server-client-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb
percona-server-common-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb
percona-server-server-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb
percona-server-source-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb
percona-server-test-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb
percona-server-tokudb-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb

Now you can install Percona Server for MySQL by running:

$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb

This will install all the packages from the bundle. Another option is to download/specify only the packages you need for running Percona Server for MySQL installation (libperconaserverclient20_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb, percona-server-client-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb, percona-server-common-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb, and percona-server-server-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb. Optionally you can install percona-server-tokudb-5.7_5.7.10-3-1.jessie_amd64.deb if you want TokuDB storage engine).

Note

Percona Server for MySQL 5.7 comes with the TokuDB storage engine. You can find more information on how to install and enable the TokuDB storage in the TokuDB Installation guide.

Warning

When installing packages manually like this, you’ll need to make sure to resolve all the dependencies and install missing packages yourself. Following packages will need to be installed before you can manually install Percona Server: mysql-common, libjemalloc1, libaio1 and libmecab2

AppArmor settings

AppArmor is a kernel-integrated system which controls how applications access the file system by creating application profiles. If the installation of MySQL adds an AppArmor profile, you can find the profile in the following locations:

• /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld

• /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld

The local version contains only comments. Add any changes specific for the server to the local file.

The usr.sbin.mysqld file has the following settings:

#include <tunables/global>

/usr/sbin/mysqld {
  ...
  # Allow data dir access
  /var/lib/mysql/ r,
  /var/lib/mysql/** rwk,

  # Allow data files dir access
    /var/lib/mysql-files/ r,
    /var/lib/mysql-files/** rwk,

  # Allow keyring dir access
    /var/lib/mysql-keyring/ r,
    /var/lib/mysql-keyring/** rwk,

  # Allow log file access
    /var/log/mysql/ r,
    /var/log/mysql/** rw,
  ...
}

The settings govern how the files are accessed. For example, the data file directory access gives read ® access to a directory and read, write, and lock access (rwk) to all directories and files underneath /mysql/.

You should download the apparmor-utils package when you are working with existing AppArmor profiles. The utilities allow you to edit a profile without stopping AppArmor or removing the profile.

Before you edit a profile, change the profile to complain mode:

$ aa-complain /usr/sbin/mysqld

The output could be the following:

setting /usr/sbin/mysqld to complain mode

In complain mode, you can edit the profile to add settings because you have relocated the data directory: /<volume>/dev/percona/data:

    /<volume>/percona/data/ r,
    /<volume>/percona/data/** rwk,


You may need to reload AppArmor or reload the specific AppArmor profile to apply the changes.

You can also modify the /etc/apparmor.d/tunables/alias file as follows:

$ alias /var/lib/mysql -/volume/percona/data/

To reload one profile, run the following command:

$ sudo apparmor_parser -r /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld

Restart AppArmor with the following command:

$ sudo systemctl restart apparmor

You can also disable AppArmor, but this action is not recommended. For earlier Ubuntu systems, prior to 16.04, use the following command:

$ sudo systemctl stop apparmor
$ sudo update-rc.d -f apparmor remove

For later Ubuntu systems, use the following:

$ sudo sudo systemctl stop apparmor
$ sudo systemctl disable apparmor

The following table lists the default locations for files:

Files	Location
mysqld server	/usr/sbin
Configuration	/etc/mysql/my.cnf
Data directory	/var/lib/mysql
Logs	/var/log/mysql

Note

Debian and Ubuntu installation does not automatically create a special debian-sys-maint user which can be used by the control scripts to control the Percona Server for MySQL mysqld and mysqld_safe services like it was the case with previous Percona Server for MySQL versions. If you still require this user you must create the user manually.

Running Percona Server for MySQL

The following procedure runs the Percona Server for MySQL:

1. Starting the service

   Percona Server for MySQL starts automatically after installation unless the server encounters errors during the installation process. You can also manually start it by running the following command:

   $ sudo service mysql start
   

2. Confirming the service is running

   You can verify the service status by running the following command:

   $ service mysql status
   

3. Stopping the service

   You can stop the service by running the following command:

   S sudo service mysql stop
   

4. Restarting the service

   You can restart the service by running the following command:

   S sudo service mysql restart
   

Note

Debian 8.0 (jessie) and Ubuntu 16.04(Xenial) come with systemd as the default system and service manager so you can invoke all the above commands with sytemctl instead of service. Currently, both are supported.

Uninstalling Percona Server for MySQL

To uninstall Percona Server for MySQL, you must remove all of the installed packages.

You have the following options:

• Removing packages with apt remove leaves the configuration and data files.

• Removing the packages with apt purge removes all the packages with configuration files and data files (all the databases).

Depending on your needs, you can choose which command better suits you.

1. Stop the Percona Server for MySQL service

   $ sudo service mysql stop
   

2. Remove the packages

   • Remove the packages. This option does not delete the configuration or data files. If you do not require these files, you must delete each file manually.

   $ sudo apt remove 'percona-server*'
   

   • Purge the packages. This option deletes packages, configuration, and data files. The option does not delete any configuration or data files stored in your home directory. You may need to delete some files manually.

   $ sudo apt purge 'percona-server*'
   $ sudo apt autoremove -y
   $ sudo apt autoclean
   $ sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql
   

Note

In a regular expression, the \* (asterisk) matches zero or more of the preceding item. The single quotes prevent the shell from misinterpreting the asterisk as a shell command.

If you do not plan to upgrade, run the following commands to remove the data directory location:

$ rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
$ rm -rf /var/log/mysql
$ sudo apt purge percona-server*

---

Last update: 2024-11-13