Running Percona Server for MongoDB in a Docker Container

Docker images of Percona Server for MongoDB are hosted publicly on Docker Hub.

For more information about using Docker, see the Docker Docs.

Note

Make sure that you are using the latest version of Docker. The ones provided via apt and yum may be outdated and cause errors.

By default, Docker pulls the image from Docker Hub if it is not available locally.

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To run the latest Percona Server for MongoDB 5.0 in a Docker container, run the following command as the root user or via sudo:

$ docker run -d --name psmdb --restart always \
percona/percona-server-mongodb:<TAG>-multi

The command does the following:

• The docker run command instructs the docker daemon to run a container from an image.
• The -d option starts the container in detached mode (that is, in the background).
• The --name option assigns a custom name for the container that you can use to reference the container within a Docker network. In this case: psmdb.
• The --restart option defines the container’s restart policy. Setting it to always ensures that the Docker daemon will start the container on startup and restart it if the container exits.
• The <TAG>-multi is the tag specifying the version you need. For example, 5.0.29-25-multi. The multi part of the tag serves to identify the architecture (x86_64 or ARM64) and pull the respective image. See the full list of tags.

Access container shell

Run the following command to start the bash session and run commands inside the container:

$ docker exec -it <container-name>

where <container-name> is the name of your database container.

For example, to connect to Percona Serer for MongoDB, run:

$ mongo

Connect from another Docker container

The Percona Server for MongoDB container exposes standard MongoDB port (27017), which can be used for connection from an application running in another container.

For example, to set up a replica set for testing purposes, you have the following options:

• Interconnect the mongod nodes in containers on a default bridge network. In this scenario, containers communicate with each other by their IP address.
• Create a user-defined network and interconnect the mongod nodes on it. In this scenario, containers communicate with each other by name.
• Automate the container provisioning and the replica set setup via the Docker Compose tool.

In the following example, rs101, rs102, rs103 are the container names for Percona Server for MongoDB and rs is the replica set name.

Bridge networkUser-defined networkDocker Compose

When you start Docker, a default bridge network is created and all containers are automatically attached to it unless otherwise specified.

1. Start the containers and expose different ports

   $ docker run --rm -d --name rs101 -p 27017:27017  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0 --port=27017 --replSet rs
   $ docker run --rm -d --name rs102 -p 28017:28017  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0 --port=28017 --replSet rs
   $ docker run --rm -d --name rs103 -p 29017:29017  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0 --port=29017 --replSet rs
   

2. Check that the containers are started

   $ docker container ls
   

   Output:

   CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                                         COMMAND               CREATED         STATUS             PORTS                     NAMES
   3a4b70cd386b  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0  --port=27017 --re...  3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes ago   0.0.0.0:27017->27017/tcp  rs101
   c9b40a00e32b  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0  --port=28017 --re...  11 seconds ago  Up 11 seconds ago  0.0.0.0:28017->28017/tcp  rs102
   b8aebc00309e  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0  --port=29017 --re...  3 seconds ago   Up 3 seconds ago   0.0.0.0:29017->29017/tcp  rs103
   

3. Get the IP addresses of each container

   $ docker inspect --format='{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' rs101
   $ docker inspect --format='{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' rs102
   $ docker inspect --format='{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' rs103
   

4. Interconnect the containers and initiate the replica set. Replace rs101SERVER, rs102SERVER and rs103SERVER with the IP address of each respective container.

   $ docker exec -ti rs101 mongo --eval 'config={"_id":"rs","members":[{"_id":0,"host":"rs101SERVER:27017"},{"_id":1,"host":"rs102SERVER:28017"},{"_id":2,"host":"rs103SERVER:29017"}]};rs.initiate(config);'
   

5. Check your setup

   $ docker exec -ti rs101 mongo --eval 'rs.status()'
   

You can isolate desired containers in a user-defined network and provide DNS resolution across them so that they communicate with each other by hostname.

1. Create the network:

   $ docker network create my-network
   

2. Start the containers and connect them to your network, exposing different ports

   $ docker run --rm -d --name rs101 --net my-network -p 27017:27017  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0 --port=27017 --replSet rs
   $ docker run --rm -d --name rs102 --net my-network -p 28017:28017  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0 --port=28017 --replSet rs
   $ docker run --rm -d --name rs103 --net my-network -p 29017:29017  percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0 --port=29017 --replSet rs
   

   Alternatively, you can connect the already running containers to your network:

   $ docker network connect my-network rs101 rs102 rs103
   

3. Interconnect the containers and initiate the replica set.

   $ docker exec -ti rs101 mongo --eval 'config={"_id":"rs","members":[{"_id":0,"host":"rs101:27017"},{"_id":1,"host":"rs102:28017"},{"_id":2,"host":"rs103:29017"}]};rs.initiate(config);'
   

4. Check your setup

   $ docker exec -ti rs101 mongo --eval 'rs.status()'
   

As the precondition, you need to have Docker Engine and Docker Compose on your machine. Refer to Docker documentation for how to get Docker Compose.

1. Create a compose file and define the services in it.

   docker-compose.yaml

   version: "3"
   services:
     rs101:
       image: percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0
       container_name: rs101
       hostname: rs101
       ports:
         - "27017:27017"
       networks:
         - my-network
       command: "--port=27017 --replSet rs"
   
     rs102:
       image: percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0
       container_name: rs102
       hostname: rs102
       ports:
         - "28017:28017"    
       networks:
         - my-network
       command: "--port=28017 --replSet rs"
   
     rs103:
       image: percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0
       container_name: rs103
       hostname: rs103
       ports:
         - "29017:29017"    
       networks:
         - my-network
       command: "--port=29017 --replSet rs"
   
     rs-init:
       image: percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0
       container_name: rs-init
       restart: "no"
       networks:
         - my-network
       depends_on:
         - rs101
         - rs102
         - rs103
       command: >
         mongo --host rs101:27017 --eval 
         '
         config = {
         "_id" : "rs",
         "members" : [
           {
             "_id" : 0,
             "host" : "rs101:27017"
           },
           {
             "_id" : 1,
             "host" : "rs102:28017"
           },
           {
             "_id" : 2,
             "host" : "rs103:29017"
           }
         ]
         };
         rs.initiate(config);
         ' 
   networks:
     my-network:
       driver: bridge
   

2. Build and run the replica set with Compose

   $ docker compose up -d
   

3. Check your setup

   $ docker exec -ti rs101 mongo --eval 'rs.status()'
   

Connect with the mongo shell

To start another container with the mongo shell that connects to your Percona Server for MongoDB container, run the following command:

$ docker run -it --rm percona/percona-server-mongodb:5.0 mongo mongodb://MONGODB_SERVER:PORT/DB_NAME

Set MONGODB_SERVER, PORT, and DB_NAME with the IP address of the psmdb container, the port of your MongoDB Server (default value is 27017), and the name of the database you want to connect to.

You can get the IP address by running this command:

$ docker inspect -f '{{range.NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' psmdb

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