Transport Layer Security (TLS)

The Percona Operator for MySQL uses Transport Layer Security (TLS) cryptographic protocol for the following types of communication:

• Internal - communication between Percona Server for MySQL instances,
• External - communication between the client application and the cluster.

The internal certificate is also used as an authorization method.

TLS security can be configured in several ways.

• By default, the Operator generates long-term certificates automatically if there are no certificate secrets available.

  The Operator’s self-signed issuer is local to the Operator Namespace

  This self-signed issuer is created because Percona Distribution for MySQL requires all certificates issued by the same source.

• The Operator can use a specifically installed cert-manager, which will automatically generate and renew short-term TLS certificate

  The cert-manager acts as a self-signed issuer and generates certificates

  It is still a self-signed issuer which allows you to deploy and use the Percona Operator without a separate certificate issuer.

• Certificates can be generated manually: obtained from some other issuer and provided to the Operator.

Install and use the cert-manager

About the cert-manager

A cert-manager is a Kubernetes certificate management controller which is widely used to automate the management and issuance of TLS certificates. It is community-driven, and open source.

When you have already installed cert-manager, nothing else is needed: just deploy the Operator, and the Operator will request a certificate from the cert-manager.

Installation of the cert-manager

The steps to install the cert-manager are the following:

• Create a namespace,

• Disable resource validations on the cert-manager namespace,

• Install the cert-manager.

The following commands perform all the needed actions:

$ kubectl create namespace cert-manager
$ kubectl label namespace cert-manager certmanager.k8s.io/disable-validation=true
$ kubectl apply -f https://github.com/jetstack/cert-manager/releases/download/v1.15.1/cert-manager.yaml

After the installation, you can verify the cert-manager by running the following command:

$ kubectl get pods -n cert-manager

The result should display the cert-manager and webhook active and running.

Generate certificates manually

To generate certificates manually, follow these steps:

1. Provision a Certificate Authority (CA) to generate TLS certificates

2. Generate a CA key and certificate file with the server details

3. Create the server TLS certificates using the CA keys, certs, and server details

The set of commands generate certificates with the following attributes:

• Server-pem - Certificate

• Server-key.pem - the private key

• ca.pem - Certificate Authority

You should generate certificates twice: one set is for external communications, and another set is for internal ones. A secret created for the external use must be added to cr.yaml/spec/sslSecretName. A certificate generated for internal communications must be added to the cr.yaml/spec/sslInternalSecretName.

$ cat <<EOF | cfssl gencert -initca - | cfssljson -bare ca
{
  "CN": "Root CA",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  }
}
EOF

$ cat <<EOF | cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem  -ca-key=ca-key.pem - | cfssljson -bare server
{
  "hosts": [
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-mysql",
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-mysql.${NAMESPACE}",
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-mysql.${NAMESPACE}.svc",
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-orchestrator",
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-orchestrator.${NAMESPACE}",
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-orchestrator.${NAMESPACE}.svc",
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-router",
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-router.${NAMESPACE}",
    "*.${CLUSTER_NAME}-router.${NAMESPACE}.svc"
  ],
  "CN": "${CLUSTER_NAME}-mysql",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  }
}
EOF

$ kubectl create secret generic my-cluster-ssl --from-file=tls.crt=server.pem --
from-file=tls.key=server-key.pem --from-file=ca.crt=ca.pem --
type=kubernetes.io/tls

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Last update: 2024-10-29