How to set up a three-node cluster on a single box¶

This tutorial describes how to set up a 3-node cluster on a single physical box.

For the purposes of this tutorial, assume the following:

The local IP address is 192.168.2.21.
Percona XtraDB Cluster is extracted from binary tarball into /usr/local/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-8.0.x86_64

To set up the cluster:

Create three MySQL configuration files for the corresponding nodes:

/etc/my.4000.cnf

[mysqld]
port = 4000
socket=/tmp/mysql.4000.sock
datadir=/data/bench/d1
basedir=/usr/local/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-8.0.x86_64
user=mysql
log_error=error.log
binlog_format=ROW
wsrep_cluster_address='gcomm://192.168.2.21:5030,192.168.2.21:6030'
wsrep_provider=/usr/local/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-8.0.x86_64/lib/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_sst_receive_address=192.168.2.21:4020
wsrep_node_incoming_address=192.168.2.21
wsrep_cluster_name=trimethylxanthine
wsrep_provider_options = "gmcast.listen_addr=tcp://192.168.2.21:4030;"
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2
wsrep_node_name=node4000
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2

/etc/my.5000.cnf

[mysqld]
port = 5000
socket=/tmp/mysql.5000.sock
datadir=/data/bench/d2
basedir=/usr/local/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-8.0.x86_64
user=mysql
log_error=error.log
binlog_format=ROW
wsrep_cluster_address='gcomm://192.168.2.21:4030,192.168.2.21:6030'
wsrep_provider=/usr/local/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-8.0.x86_64/lib/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_sst_receive_address=192.168.2.21:5020
wsrep_node_incoming_address=192.168.2.21

wsrep_cluster_name=trimethylxanthine
wsrep_provider_options = "gmcast.listen_addr=tcp://192.168.2.21:5030;"
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2
wsrep_node_name=node5000
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2

/etc/my.6000.cnf

[mysqld]
port = 6000
socket=/tmp/mysql.6000.sock
datadir=/data/bench/d3
basedir=/usr/local/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-8.0.x86_64
user=mysql
log_error=error.log
binlog_format=ROW
wsrep_cluster_address='gcomm://192.168.2.21:4030,192.168.2.21:5030'
wsrep_provider=/usr/local/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-8.0.x86_64/lib/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_sst_receive_address=192.168.2.21:6020
wsrep_node_incoming_address=192.168.2.21
wsrep_cluster_name=trimethylxanthine
wsrep_provider_options = "gmcast.listen_addr=tcp://192.168.2.21:6030;"
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2
wsrep_node_name=node6000
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2

Create three data directories for the nodes:
- /data/bench/d1
- /data/bench/d2
- /data/bench/d3

Start the first node using the following command (from the Percona XtraDB Cluster install directory):

$ bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.4000.cnf --wsrep-new-cluster

If the node starts correctly, you should see the following output:

Expected output

111215 19:01:49 [Note] WSREP: Shifting JOINED -> SYNCED (TO: 0)
111215 19:01:49 [Note] WSREP: New cluster view: global state: 4c286ccc-2792-11e1-0800-94bd91e32efa:0, view# 1: Primary, number of nodes: 1, my index: 0, protocol version 1

To check the ports, run the following command:

$ netstat -anp | grep mysqld
tcp        0      0 192.168.2.21:4030           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      21895/mysqld
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4000                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      21895/mysqld

Start the second and third nodes:

bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.5000.cnf
bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.6000.cnf

If the nodes start and join the cluster successful, you should see the following output:

111215 19:22:26 [Note] WSREP: Shifting JOINER -> JOINED (TO: 2)
111215 19:22:26 [Note] WSREP: Shifting JOINED -> SYNCED (TO: 2)
111215 19:22:26 [Note] WSREP: Synchronized with group, ready for connections

To check the cluster size, run the following command:

$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P6000 -e "show global status like 'wsrep_cluster_size';"

Expected output

+--------------------+-------+
| Variable_name      | Value |
+--------------------+-------+
| wsrep_cluster_size | 3     |
+--------------------+-------+

After that you can connect to any node and perform queries, which will be automatically synchronized with other nodes. For example, to create a database on the second node, you can run the following command:

$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P5000 -e "CREATE DATABASE hello_peter"

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Last update: 2023-07-21