Configure nodes for write-set replication¶

After installing Percona XtraDB Cluster on each node, you need to configure the cluster. In this section, we will demonstrate how to configure a three node cluster:

Node	Host	IP
Node 1	pxc1	192.168.70.61
Node 2	pxc2	192.168.70.62
Node 3	pxc3	192.168.70.63

Stop the Percona XtraDB Cluster server. After the installation completes the server is not started. You need this step if you have started the server manually.
```
$ sudo service mysql stop
```

Edit the configuration file of the first node to provide the cluster settings.

If you use Debian or Ubuntu, edit /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf:

wsrep_provider=/usr/lib/galera4/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.70.61,192.168.70.62,192.168.70.63

If you use Red Hat or CentOS, edit /etc/my.cnf. Note that on these systems you set the wsrep_provider option to a different value:

wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera4/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.70.61,192.168.70.62,192.168.70.63

Configure node 1.

wsrep_node_name=pxc1
wsrep_node_address=192.168.70.61
pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING

Set up node 2 and node 3 in the same way: Stop the server and update the configuration file applicable to your system. All settings are the same except for wsrep_node_name and wsrep_node_address.

For node 2
```
wsrep_node_name=pxc2
wsrep_node_address=192.168.70.62
```
For node 3
```
wsrep_node_name=pxc3
wsrep_node_address=192.168.70.63
```

Set up the traffic encryption settings. Each node of the cluster must use the same SSL certificates.

[mysqld]
wsrep_provider_options=”socket.ssl_key=server-key.pem;socket.ssl_cert=server-cert.pem;socket.ssl_ca=ca.pem”

[sst]
encrypt=4
ssl-key=server-key.pem
ssl-ca=ca.pem
ssl-cert=server-cert.pem

Important

In Percona XtraDB Cluster 8.4, the Encrypting Replication Traffic is enabled by default (via the pxc-encrypt-cluster-traffic variable).

The replication traffic encryption cannot be enabled on a running cluster. If it was disabled before the cluster was bootstrapped, the cluster must to stopped. Then set up the encryption, and bootstrap (see Bootstrapping the First Node) again.

Template of the configuration file¶

Here is an example of a full configuration file installed on CentOS to /etc/my.cnf.

# Template my.cnf for PXC
# Edit to your requirements.
[client]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
server-id=1
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
# Binary log expiration period is 604800 seconds, which equals 7 days
binlog_expire_logs_seconds=604800
######## wsrep ###############
# Path to Galera library
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera4/libgalera_smm.so
# Cluster connection URL contains IPs of nodes
#If no IP is found, this implies that a new cluster needs to be created,
#in order to do that you need to bootstrap this node
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://
# In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW
binlog_format=ROW
# Slave thread to use
wsrep_slave_threads=8
wsrep_log_conflicts
# This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
# Node IP address
#wsrep_node_address=192.168.70.63
# Cluster name
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster
#If wsrep_node_name is not specified,  then system hostname will be used
wsrep_node_name=pxc-cluster-node-1
#pxc_strict_mode allowed values: DISABLED,PERMISSIVE,ENFORCING,MASTER
pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING
# SST method
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2

Next Steps: Bootstrap the first node¶

After you configure all your nodes, initialize Percona XtraDB Cluster by bootstrapping the first node according to the procedure described in Bootstrapping the First Node.

Essential configuration variables¶

wsrep_provider

Specify the path to the Galera library. The location depends on the distribution:

Debian and Ubuntu: /usr/lib/galera4/libgalera_smm.so
Red Hat and CentOS: /usr/lib64/galera4/libgalera_smm.so

wsrep_cluster_name

Specify the logical name for your cluster. It must be the same for all nodes in your cluster.

wsrep_cluster_address

Specify the IP addresses of nodes in your cluster. At least one is required for a node to join the cluster, but it is recommended to list addresses of all nodes. This way if the first node in the list is not available, the joining node can use other addresses.

Note

No addresses are required for the initial node in the cluster. However, it is recommended to specify them and properly bootstrap the first node. This will ensure that the node is able to rejoin the cluster if it goes down in the future.

wsrep_node_name

Specify the logical name for each individual node. If this variable is not specified, the host name will be used.

wsrep_node_address

Specify the IP address of this particular node.

wsrep_sst_method

By default, Percona XtraDB Cluster uses Percona XtraBackup for State Snapshot Transfer. xtrabackup-v2 is the only supported option for this variable. This method requires a user for SST to be set up on the initial node.

pxc_strict_mode

PXC Strict Mode is enabled by default and set to ENFORCING, which blocks the use of tech preview features and unsupported features in Percona XtraDB Cluster.

binlog_format

Galera supports only row-level replication, so set binlog_format=ROW.

default_storage_engine

Galera fully supports only the InnoDB storage engine. It will not work correctly with MyISAM or any other non-transactional storage engines. Set this variable to default_storage_engine=InnoDB.

innodb_autoinc_lock_mode

Galera supports only interleaved (2) lock mode for InnoDB. Setting the traditional (0) or consecutive (1) lock mode can cause replication to fail due to unresolved deadlocks. Set this variable to innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2.

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Last update: 2024-01-18